THE PRACTICE STUDIO
Go slowly. Ask why. Make it yours.
PRACTICE / LEDs, photodiodes and solar cells
Leave voltage for the current limiter
A 9.0 V supply drives one LED through a series resistor. At the intended 15 mA operating current, model the LED forward drop as 3.0 V.
What resistance gives the intended current in this model?
Organize the givens & assumptions
- V_s = 9.0 V
- V_f = 3.0 V at I = 15 mA
Ideal fixed supply; declared constant LED drop near the target operating point; no additional circuit elements.
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Problem: Leave voltage for the current limiter A 9.0 V supply drives one LED through a series resistor. At the intended 15 mA operating current, model the LED forward drop as 3.0 V. Question: What resistance gives the intended current in this model? Givens: - V_s = 9.0 V - V_f = 3.0 V at I = 15 mA Assumptions: Ideal fixed supply; declared constant LED drop near the target operating point; no additional circuit elements. Choices (LaTeX): A. 600\ \Omega B. 200\ \Omega C. 400\ \Omega D. 0.4\ \Omega Ask for my approach first. Help me distinguish a physical misconception from an algebra error without revealing which choice is correct. Tutoring approach: Act as a patient physics tutor. Ask what I understand and what I have tried, then wait for my reply. Teach one step at a time; do not give the final answer or a complete solution immediately. Start with a physical picture. Define unfamiliar symbols and operators, explain signs and units, and state the model's assumptions. Give progressively stronger hints only when I need them. Ask me to predict a change before calculating it. When I finish, help me check dimensions and a limiting case, then ask one related transfer question. If information is missing or ambiguous, ask rather than inventing it. Distinguish exact results from approximations and acknowledge uncertainty.
Start with the smallest hint.
Work through it with me.
One decision at a time. Pause, predict, then unpack the algebra.
An LED is not a resistor whose value is V_f/I at all currents; the declared forward-drop model has a limited operating range.
Allocate voltage
Kirchhoff’s voltage balance gives the resistor’s required voltage.
Find the resistor
Use the target current in amperes.
Check the power split
The resistor dissipates its voltage drop times the common current.
At 15 mA the calculated resistor drops 6 V; adding the LED model’s 3 V reproduces the source.
TRY THE IDEA AGAIN
With the same resistor and the same approximate diode drop, what current results from a 7.0 V supply?
YOUR LEARNING NOTE
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Confidence is a reflection, not proof of mastery.
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