THE PRACTICE STUDIO
Go slowly. Ask why. Make it yours.
PRACTICE / Stress and strain
Stretching a thin wire
A wire has length 2 m, area 1.0 mm² and Young modulus 2.0 × 10¹¹ Pa. A 100 N tensile force acts.
Find its extension.
Organize the givens & assumptions
- L = 2 m
- A = 10⁻⁶ m²
- Y = 2×10¹¹ Pa
- F = 100 N
Uniform Hookean wire under axial tension; small strain, constant area and Young modulus; neglect self-weight.
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Problem: Stretching a thin wire
A wire has length 2 m, area 1.0 mm² and Young modulus 2.0 × 10¹¹ Pa. A 100 N tensile force acts.
Question: Find its extension.
Givens:
- L = 2 m
- A = 10⁻⁶ m²
- Y = 2×10¹¹ Pa
- F = 100 N
Assumptions: Uniform Hookean wire under axial tension; small strain, constant area and Young modulus; neglect self-weight.
Choices (LaTeX):
A. 2\times10^{-3}\ \mathrm m
B. 1.0\times10^{-3}\ \mathrm m
C. 1\ \mathrm m
D. 0.5\times10^{-3}\ \mathrm m
Ask for my approach first. Help me distinguish a physical misconception from an algebra error without revealing which choice is correct.
Tutoring approach:
Act as a patient physics tutor. Ask what I understand and what I have tried, then wait for my reply. Teach one step at a time; do not give the final answer or a complete solution immediately. Start with a physical picture. Define unfamiliar symbols and operators, explain signs and units, and state the model's assumptions. Give progressively stronger hints only when I need them. Ask me to predict a change before calculating it. When I finish, help me check dimensions and a limiting case, then ask one related transfer question. If information is missing or ambiguous, ask rather than inventing it. Distinguish exact results from approximations and acknowledge uncertainty.Start with the smallest hint.
Work through it with me.
One decision at a time. Pause, predict, then unpack the algebra.
Convert square millimetres to square metres before forming the stress.
Choose a physical relation
Young modulus relates tensile stress to fractional elongation, separating material stiffness from wire geometry.
Isolate what is asked
Convert square millimetres to square metres before forming the stress.
Why is this step valid?
Convert 1 mm² to 10⁻⁶ m² before solving for extension in metres.
Substitute and interpret
Extension is 1 mm, only 0.05% of the original length, consistent with a small-strain model.
The inferred strain and stress recover the stated Young modulus.
TRY THE IDEA AGAIN
Double wire diameter at the same load. What happens to extension?
YOUR LEARNING NOTE
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