THE PRACTICE STUDIO
Go slowly. Ask why. Make it yours.
PRACTICE / Potential-energy diagrams
Read force from the energy curve
A particle moves along x with potential energy U(x) = 2x² − 8x joules, where x is measured in metres.
Find the force component Fx at x = 3 m.
Organize the givens & assumptions
- U(x) = 2x² − 8x J
- x = 3 m
One-dimensional conservative force; coefficients carry the SI units required by U.
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Problem: Read force from the energy curve A particle moves along x with potential energy U(x) = 2x² − 8x joules, where x is measured in metres. Question: Find the force component Fx at x = 3 m. Givens: - U(x) = 2x² − 8x J - x = 3 m Assumptions: One-dimensional conservative force; coefficients carry the SI units required by U. Choices (LaTeX): A. -4\ \mathrm N B. +4\ \mathrm N C. -6\ \mathrm N D. 0\ \mathrm N Ask for my approach first. Help me distinguish a physical misconception from an algebra error without revealing which choice is correct. Tutoring approach: Act as a patient physics tutor. Ask what I understand and what I have tried, then wait for my reply. Teach one step at a time; do not give the final answer or a complete solution immediately. Start with a physical picture. Define unfamiliar symbols and operators, explain signs and units, and state the model's assumptions. Give progressively stronger hints only when I need them. Ask me to predict a change before calculating it. When I finish, help me check dimensions and a limiting case, then ask one related transfer question. If information is missing or ambiguous, ask rather than inventing it. Distinguish exact results from approximations and acknowledge uncertainty.
Start with the smallest hint.
Work through it with me.
One decision at a time. Pause, predict, then unpack the algebra.
Use the slope of potential energy, including its sign.
Read the energy slope
Force is the negative position slope of U.
Why is this step valid?
A position-independent energy zero cannot affect the force.
Differentiate the polynomial
Keep the linear term’s constant contribution.
Why is this step valid?
Differentiation changes the energy units per metre into newtons.
Evaluate at the position
At x = 3 m the force points toward decreasing x.
Why is this step valid?
This position lies to the right of the energy minimum at x = 2 m.
Completing the square identifies a stable minimum and a restoring spring-like force.
TRY THE IDEA AGAIN
Adding 100 J to U changes this force to…
YOUR LEARNING NOTE
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